Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Argue against any common controversial position, such as supporting Essay

Argue against any common controversial position, such as supporting death penalty, or contemporary phenomenom, such as the disadvantages of online education - Essay Example A vast majority of religions, particularly the Abrahamic religions, consider both suicide and murder some of the gravest sins described by these religions. For example, killing one person is considered equal to killing all mankind according to Islam. Proponents of euthanasia say that euthanasia is not murder since the will of the victim is involved in it. In a vast majority of cases, this is not what happens. A lot of cases of euthanasia happen to people who are either mentally retarded, or are the patients of comma. In neither of these cases, the victim is able to decide for himself/herself. The decision is made by the relatives who are bearing the expenses of medical care of the victim. There are certain cases in which the personal will of the individual who is given euthanasia, is involved. From the religious perspective, this may not be a murder, but for sure is a suicide, which is again a grave sin. This sin is committed not only by the victim of euthanasia who opted for it, but also by the doctors who helped in making the victim’s wish come true. Therefore, religion condemns euthanasia whether or not the personal will of the victim is involved. From the ethical perspective, euthanasia is wrong as well. In the case when the victim’s will is not involved, ending his/her life is essentially a violation of his/her most fundamental right of living. Every human being deserves to live till the time of natural death. It is not for other human beings to decide when a certain individual’s life should be brought to an end. On the other hand, when the victim’s will is involved in euthanasia, giving him/her euthanasia is still unethical for several reasons. People opting for suicide are psychologically disturbed and overcome with distress and tension. The solution to their problems is medical help and psychological therapy, not euthanasia. If the individual is allowed to survive, his/her health might improve with the

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Diversified in industries and electronics

Diversified in industries and electronics Introduction Initially, Samsung started out as a small export business in Korea. It then diversified in industries and electronics. The company has been responsive to change and opportunity in global business brought by the digital era with its constant innovation and attractive, marketable products.1 As a result, Samsung is now positioned as one of the world recognized leaders in the digital technology industry. The Samsung World Headquarters is located in Seoul, Korean. 1 History In 1938, founding chairman Byung-Chull Lee started a small trade export business in Taegu, Korea. In the 1970s, Samsung invested in the heavy, chemical and petrochemical industries as a foundation for future growth. Samsung also incorporated its manufacturing processes from raw materials to end products which further enhance its position in the worlds textile industry. Samsungs core technology businesses diversified and expanded globally during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Soon after, two research and development (RD) institutes were created. This boost its reach even further into electronics, semiconductors, high polymer chemicals, genetic engineering, optical telecommunications, aerospace and new fields of technology innovation from nanotechnology to advanced network architectures. In the mid-1990s, Samsung revolutionised its business aiming to make world-class products, provide total customer satisfaction and be a good corporate citizen. Samsung has constantly developed advance d technologies, competitive products and constant innovation 1. Main Technologies and Capabilities Main Capabilities Research and Development Innovation is at the heart Samsungs business success. To be competitive in the new digital age, Samsung maintains and strengthens its market dominance through the speedy introduction of new technology. The company has placed high importance to the interplay of creative, imaginative human resources, a global RD network, a strong collaboration among business partners all along the supply chain, and the commitment to ongoing investment. Currently, Samsung is making historic advances in RD of semiconductor products, especially flash memory and non-memory, custom semiconductors, DRAM and SRAM, LCDs, mobile phones, and digital appliances1 Eco Samsung Samsung has displayed its strong commitment and responsibility for the world environment. It has made efforts to develop environmentally-friendly products which consume low levels of energy and which contain no hazardous materials. The company has also modified its assembly processes to cut down carbon emissions substantially.2 Main Technologies Samsung comprises of companies that have become market leaders in a wide range of business, from electronics to financial services, from chemicals and heavy industries to trade and services. All the businesses are setting new standards in innovation, constantly generating high quality products and services.3 Owing to Samsungs large RD sector, many new technologies and innovative designs emerge. Below are a few of the newest technologies developed by Samsung. Main Markets, Products and Competitors Markets Samsung Group consists of numerous international affiliated businesses such as Samsung Electronics, Samsung Heavy Industries, and Samsung CT. These three multinational core businesses of Samsung Group signify their strong foothold in the electronics, shipbuilding and construction markets. Besides that, Samsung also plays a part in the financial, chemical, retail and entertainment markets. 1 Samsung reports a strong presence in its home country of South Korea as its market share in telecommunications is 18.87%. 1 Samsung appeals to the global market as it is the most popular consumer electronics brand since 2005 with 7.55% of global market share in telecommunications1. Products Samsung first started moving into businesses such as insurance, securities and retail. Later, upon borrowed foreign investments, Samsung ventured into the telecommunications industry with Samsung Electronics. With the support of South Korean President; Samsung developed the first dynamic random access memory chip. 1Most importantly Samsung are leading in the production of memory chips, chipmakers and liquid-crystal display panels. 1 Considered as a strong competitor in the world of electronics, Samsung highlighted innovative strategy and expanded production rapidly to become the worlds largest producers of DRAM chips, flash memory, optical storage and recently liquid crystal displays. In addition Samsung strives to improve by delivering innovative products such as the TV and monitor industrys thinnest LED TVs and most compact colour laser printers and multifunctional devices. Being a global leader in telecommunications equipment; Samsung plays the role in development of the next gene ration of 4G-network. 1 Competitors According to the Figure 1 below; Nokia is clearly the main competitor as it holds 37% of the mobile phones sales global market share. In 2009, Samsungs touch screen devices, QWERTY phones and smart phones drove sales in mature markets with 19% of the global market share7. LG poses 11% as a competitor as it moves into lower-tier devices which drive growth in emerging markets. It is also well positioned to take advantage of Chinas 3G Rollout as it can deliver good-value-for-money devices. Motorola has 11% market share which is reasonably smaller, however with its presence rapidly concentrated on the American it serves as a competition in the American market. Being in a competitive market, Sony Ericsson at 5% of the global market share attributes its poor performance to its uncompetitive range of handsets such as exploiting trends like QWERTY products. Therefore Sony Ericsson is a smaller competitor compare to Nokia and other phones such as Apple, HTC, and Blackberry. Nokia is Samsungs biggest competitor due to its early investments in GSM technologies therefore making the company into the worlds largest mobile producer manufacture. Up to date Nokia produced various innovative products such as the first 3G phones, Ovi internet services and N-series multimedia phone. Nokias revenue is reported to be 9.3 million Euros. 9 Its success is due to its high investment in the RD which is present in 16 countries, representing 31% of their total workforce. 8 Nokia phones are also seen as being highest quality as they have a highly recognizable packaging style which operates with an aggressive marketing strategy hence elevating them above their competitors. Samsungs Innovative Activities Samsungs ambition to become one of the worlds top companies is supported by continuous pursuit in innovative RD and building a distinctive brand. As stated in the Annual Report 2008, approximately 40 %( 42,100 researchers) of Samsungs global employees are involved in RD to develop cutting edge technologies1. Samsung Advanced Institute in Technology is the global hub of Samsungs RD organization which includes Mechatronics and Manufacturing Technology Centre and 14 overseas centres7. In 2008, Samsung obtained 3,515 patents in the US with an increase from 2007 placing them in second place in the annual patent ranking. To further push forward in a variety of market and customer focused brand marketing programs, Samsung successfully completed their role as the official wireless equipment partner of the 2008 Beijing Olympics and Paralympics Games. 7 In 2008, Samsungs investment of 6.9 trillion KRW which represented 9.5% of parent company sales brings in technological breakthrough such as 256GB solid-state drive, 90nm high-performance smart card chip, 82-inch 120Hz quad-HD-resolution TV panel, and a Mobile WiMax II (802.61m) solution.1 This also enables innovations like front-load washers with time, energy and wear-saving â€Å"bubble wash† technology and the industrys most compact colour laser printers. Following these success, Samsung plans to invest 7.9 trillion KRW in RD to support future development of tomorrows technology. 7 RD Structure and Priorities Table 2: Core business research areas at SAIT10 Research in Product Areas Descriptions Computer Science Drives long term differentiation of Samsung platforms(phones, TV) by combining Computer Science with Consumer Electronics Research involves building tangible artifacts like prototypes so that we can learn from the process of building them Current research: situation awareness, Intelligent Web Media and trusted platforms Situation awareness develops novel, optimal personalized services leading the next generation of personalized mobile technology Intelligent Web Media pioneers technologies such as new phenomenon in which all TV content is available on the Internet can be streamed or dowloaded directly to the TV Trusted platforms researches on strong protection of device firmware for network providers and users Wireless Connectivity Research in developing a wide range of cutting edge wireless techniques such as beam forming to initiate ubiqitous wireless connectivity with various data requirements up to multi-giga bits per second Digital Media Solution(DMS) Advanced Algorithm: engaged in research and development related to theories, algorithm, and application of image and video processing for Samsung Digital TVs Core Platform: Actively researching to provide Internet Protocol Television to provide internet and cable connectivity Future User Experience: develop user interface designs from conceptualization through prototyping to implementation Advanced Printing Solution Research in Software Architecture Technology enabling the efficient development of increasingly complex software Research areas in System Technology involves new features protoypes and etc Current and future research areas in Solution Software Technology are core research related to Web technologies and application of Web Services to printers Storage To develop quiet hard drives with highest storage capacity and lowest power consumption Organisation of RD Samsungs RD organisation run in SAIT consists of three layers: Samsungs technology competitiveness in core business areas identifies growth engines for the future and securing, and management of technology. The RD centres of each business focus on technology that is expected to deliver the long-term results. Division product development teams are responsible for marketing products due to hit markets in a short period of time. From the Figure 2, the organisation is shown to be a hybrid between centralised and decentralised RD. It is a simplified diagram of the organisation of Samsung RD involving SAIT and two of their centres in their global network of RD. Samsungs RD network consist of six centres in Korea and 18 centres in 9 different countries such as United States, United Kingdom, Russia, Israel, India, Japan and China. 11 These various RD centres and their distribution into research areas such as Dallas Telecom Laboratory that research on technologies and products for next-generation telecommunications systems. Innovation Strategy Firms Innovation Strategy Background and Strategy â€Å"By implementing this newly established RD plan, we can develop the technology that will drive Samsungs future.† -Hak-Soo Lee, vice-chairman of Samsung Electronics said.14 Samsung Electronics instituted many RD centres globally to enhance in-house product design. The first centre was established in Osaka, Japan, followed by another in Frankfurt, Germany to focus on products for the European markets.15 In the same year, Samsung Electronics established a research centre to address product planning needs in South-East Asian markets. In November 2000, Samsung Electronics targeted to transform itself into a â€Å"Digital -eCompany†, capable of leading in digital convergence. The company upgraded the development model from division-centric into portfolio-centri16. This aimed to multiple divisions and units to create integrated solutions for home networks, mobile networks, office networks and core-component business portfolios. With these initiatives, Samsung Electronics pursued four key areas: RD, design, brand marketing and corporate citizenship. Investment in Design and RD RD is an important innovation strategy at Samsung. RD and design centres developed technologies which is being used to produce products. Samsung Electronics employed more than 40000 engineers17 in its RD department, and 3,200 held PhDs. Samsung Electronics attributed its leading position in the industry to four main factors: creative people in the organization who could develop technologies; co-operation among business partners throughout the supply chain; the firms ability to explore and penetrate new markets; and the speed of innovation and product development18. Users-Centric Design Philosophy Samsung Electronics applied the design philosophy into its products and stressed that â€Å"design and creative strengths were at the heart of corporate competitiveness.†19 This reflected a concept of a balance between reason and feelings, from which Samsung Electronics developed a scale with â€Å"reason† on one end and â€Å"feeling† on the other to measure perfection of design. The products manufactured by Apple Computer Inc (â€Å"Apple†) occupied the â€Å"feeling† zone with an emphasis on simplicity of products, whereas Sony products tended toward the â€Å"reason† zone with lots of complex features.20 However, Samsung Electronics designers balanced â€Å"reason† and â€Å"feeling† by rationalizing the design of products using geometric and technological parameters and then enhancing the design such that products made an emotional connection with the user. Over 700 highly skilled designers in different design centres conducted various research projects in the fields of industrial design, graphic design, interaction design, human factors, lifestyle research; creative business-planning, visual brand strategy, materials exploration, colour theory and computer-aided design. Global Localization strategy Global Localization strategy is adopted, through which designers developed product design blueprints according to global design standards and themes, while remaining flexible enough to allow local design centres to accommodate specific market needs and cultural contexts.22 A simple example is explained by, Younghee Lee, vice-president of marketing, that beautiful design of mobile phones could be appreciated by a Parisian or Indian, but noted that the Indian user, who often lacked a reliable electricity supply, needed a longer-lasting battery than a Parisian.23 The Global Localization strategy helped Samsung Electronics establish itself as an innovative and first-class consumer electronics company. EXHIBIT 1: SAMSUNGS DESIGN PHILOSOPHY: BALANCE OF REASON AND FEELING Fast Follower To overcome the companys image as a producer of cheap products, Samsung Electronss product diversification differentiated the company from its key competitors, many of which were focused on single or smaller numbers of products. Apple, for example, specialised in portable music players and held a major share in the global market for these devices. Nokia and Motorola were best known for mobile phones, and Sony focused on consumer electronics. The market trends and technological, also the competitive circumstances impacts on its innovation strategy, which has a lots of reason to reveal that Samsung Electron is fast follower, although some brand-new design of products were launched. Protect its innovations Samsung Electronics strategy of combining product design, RD and brand management turned the firm into a leader in the consumer electronics market. Samsung Electronics operated six RD centres in South Korea and a total of 16 centres in eight different countries. These RD centres developed technologies that could be commercialised in the near future. The CTO developed proprietary technologies, managed the deployment of key technologies and guided the overall RD process within the organisation. This highly efficiency of organization system is not easily imitated by the rivals in a short period of time. Thus, it has enough evidence to believe that a large amount of RD spending combined with brand management as well as the effective organization system is able to protect its innovations. Patents and Achievement During seven years from 2001, Samsung Electronics received 19 awards at the International Design Excellence Awards (â€Å"IDEA†). In 2006, the company registered 17,377 patents worldwide, including patents aimed at fusion technology, nanotechnology and biotechnology24. In 2007, Samsung Electronics held a dominant worldwide market share25for LCDs and TVs. The company unparalleled edge and leadership in RD and design were underscored by awards for 32 of its products at the CES Innovations 2008 Awards. Challenges for the Future Competition in the consumer electronics market was fierce, as many global players entered the market with large product portfolios. Digital convergence invited more companies from related industries such as software, PC and network services to enter the market. Entry of such new players further intensified the competition. Competitors of Samsung Electronics such as LG, Nokia, Panasonic, Sony and some Chinese firms had started investing heavily in RD and product design. All major competitors adopted the concept of localizing their product design to suit target markets. The design advantage of Samsung Electronics started to diminish as product design strategies and processes became commoditized. Samsung Electronics had to devise strategies to defend not only its position in the market, but also its profitability in the competitive environment. Advancements in technology had shortened product lifecycles and product replacement had become a key driver for revenue growth. Samsung Electronics invested about 9% of net sales in RD of newer technologies, features and designs to offer newer products and attract customers. However, some of its competitors, including Apple, Sony and LG Electronics, had significantly lower RD expenditure per product. Firms such as Philips, Dell and Motorola were adopting outsourcing of product design to lower RD costs and shorten time-to-market. These brands were buying product blueprints and technology from contract manufacturers and independent design firms such as IDEO, Quanta Computer, Premier Imaging, HCL Technologies and Wipro Technologies. Companies took varying approaches to design outsourcing. For example, HP contributed key technology and design to its computers, whereas Dell preferred to adopt entire designs from its design partners. Motorola bought complete designs for its low-end mobile phones but kept tight control over the development of its high-end cell phones, such as the Razr. However, outsourcing of product design and RD raised serious concerns about intellectual property rights, product management, integrity and incubation of new competitors. For example, Motorola outsourced the design and manufacturing of its mobile phones to Taiwanese manufacturer BenQ. In 2004, BenQ started selling the mobile phones in the Chinese market under its own brand, which resulted in termination of its contract with Motorola. Considering the immediate urge to optimise RD costs and potential concerns associated with design outsourcing. References Samsung INC. (2009) [Online] Available from http://www.samsung.com/uk/aboutsamsung/corporateprofile/history03.html Samsung INC. (2009) [Online] Available from http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/aboutus/ESH/ESH.html Samsung INC. (2009) [Online] Available from http://www.samsung.com/uk/aboutsamsung/corporateprofile/affiliatedcompanies.html Samsung INC. (2009) [Online] Available from http://www.samsung.com/uk/aboutsamsung/ourbusinesses/businessarea/devicesolutionsbusiness.html Gartner Newsroom: http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1126812 Nokia Connecting People: Story of Nokia http://www.nokia.com/about-nokia/company/story-of-nokia/mobile-revolution/leading-the-world Appsolutely Everything: Samsung Market Share: http://stats.getjar.com/statistics/world/manufacturer/Samsung Nokia: Mobile Revolution: http://www.nokia.com/about-nokia/company/story-of-nokia/mobile-revolution Nokia: Biz Covering: http://bizcovering.com/major-companies/nokias-revenue-lowered-with-twenty-seven-percent/ Samsung Research and Development: http://www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/ourbusinesses/researchdevelopment.html Samsung RD Center(SISA): http://www.sisa.samsung.com/default.htm Kim, Y. (1997) â€Å"Technological Capabilities and Samsung Electronics International Production Network in Asia†, BRIE Kim, Y. (1997) â€Å"Technological Capabilities and Samsung Electronics International Production Network in Asia†, BRIE Working Paper 106, p. 20 Newswire (8 November 2005) â€Å"Samsung Companies Announce 5-Year, 47 Trillion Won Investment Plan† Kim, Y. (1997) â€Å"Technological Capabilities and Samsung Electronics International Production Network in Asia†, BRIE Working Paper 106, p. 26 Samsung Electronics (2001) â€Å"Annual Report† Samsung Electronics (2007) â€Å"Annual Report† Samsung Electronics (2007) â€Å"Annual Report† Samsung (2006) â€Å"Annual Report†, p. 41. Breen, B. (2007) â€Å"The Seoul of Design† Delaney, M., et al. (2002) â€Å"Global Localization†, Global Design and Cultural Identity Ibid., p. 44. Ewing, J. (2008) â€Å"Samsungs New Marketing Push†, BusinessWeek Samsung Electronics (2006) â€Å"Annual Report† Samsung Electronics (2007) â€Å"Annual Report†.

Friday, October 25, 2019

John Keats’ To Autumn and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind E

John Keats’ To Autumn and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind Even though both John Keats’s â€Å"To Autumn† and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s â€Å"Ode to the West Wind† are about the same season, they are very dissimilar. Keats’s poem concentrates on the creating power of autumn, and makes it seem a gentle season, while in Shelley’s poem death is a repeating image, and shows autumn’s destroying power. In â€Å"To Autumn†, Keats uses three stanzas of eleven lines each. The first seven lines of each stanza follow an ABABCDE rhyme-scheme. The remaining four lines of the first stanza follow a rhyme-scheme that is different from the other two stanzas. The first stanza has DCCE and the other two have CDDE. Some lines in the poem are indented, whereas others are not. Numbering the not indented lines 1, the lines with one extra spacing 2, and the lines with two extra spaces 3, the indenting of the lines follows exactly the same pattern as the rhyme-scheme, namely 1212-123-2113 for the first stanza, and 1212-123-1223 for the other stanzas. Shelley’s stanzas are composed of four interlinking triplets, following the principle of terza rima, and one couplet. The stanzas have ABA BCB CDC DED EE rhyme-scheme. Both poems have alliteration to emphasize the quality of the season: â€Å"Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness† shows the kind nature of Keats’s autumn, while â€Å"O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumns being† shows the powerful character of Shelley’s autumn. The first stanza of â€Å"To Autumn† describes the way in which autumn is able to support life. On the one hand, its about ripeness as things grow older as the year is approaches its end, and helped by the â€Å"maturing sun† (l. 2), autumn has to â€Å"fill all fruits with ripeness to t... ...ally a form of hibernation. In â€Å"Ode to the West Wind†, death is a recurrent theme, but death is also mentioned in â€Å"To Autumn†. In Keats’s poem, however, it is clear that the creative power of autumn dominates the references to death. In â€Å"Ode to the West Wind†, the autumn is not only the brutal power it seemed to be at first: according to Shelley, autumn also has the ability to preserve life, by letting it die symbolically first. All in all, both poems show that autumn has a number of different facets, and it cannot be described by one or the other, but all. Works Cited: Keats, John. Ode to Autumn. The Norton Anthology of English Lit. Ed. M. H. Abrams, et al. 7th ed. Vol 2. New York: Norton, 2000. Shelley, Percy B. "Ode to the West Wind." The Oxford Anthology of English Literature. Ed. Frank Kermode and John Hollander, New York: Oxford UP, 1973.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Segmentation – a Brief Analysis of Facial Creams

The creative brief c. Look at the Sepals ad ND formulate backwards the positioning. Task 4: Debriefing: Take the case of the client brief of ANT (National Authority for Tourism) and imagine that you are an account person and put all the questions that you would put to a client within a debriefing session in order to clarify yourself so that you can come up with a creative brief. Task 5: Communication channels – Identify relevant communication channels for Avoidance Passport service and define what would be the role of each one in a communication campaign aiming to increase subscription of this service.Task 1 – Sony Triton- Formulate the Position Backwards [Target/need] To mime, entertainment. _Sony_Trillion_ people that watch TV as a means of Information. Spending is the brand of TV sets competitive framework] competing designed by Sony [perceptual mostly with other brands counterclaiming TV sets, as well as with other image- sharing equipment (videophone's, recorders, computers). That best satisfies your need [brand benefit] for brightness and clarity of the portrayed image The reason why is 1 .ART crystal-clear image at an affordable price 2. ROW it is based on a technological innovation – â€Å"triton† which is used specifically for a clearer and brighter image. I en Drank contracted Is reality. Brighter, clearer image , more vivid and resembling Competition a. Formulate the positioning of top 5 players on anti-aging face cream market as you can understand it from their communication in 2008 / 2009. B. Draw up 3: Briefing: Look at the ad named Maxillae and imagine backwards the following: a.Task 2 – Anti-Aging Cream – Formulate the Position Backwards The 5 brands which I will be discussing are: ; Naive QUOI Plus – anti-aging cream, based on commence QUOI for daily or night time usage. This is an anti-aging product, used by both males(Naive Men) and women, with both day and night time editions based on the same key ingredient – commence QUOI, at an affordable price. Product Pop: contains commence QUOI ; Given Power Youth – cream designed for the first signs of aging , based on natural ingredients and for a smoother, more hydrated effect of the skin. This is a cream which most women use regularly, during day time.Consumer Pop: natural ingredients ; La Prairie Anti-Aging Complex Cellular Intervention Cream – advanced anti-aging cream, includes collagen in addition to retinal and hydroxyl acids to reduce the appearance of lines. A more luxurious product, with an estimated price of 200$/ ounce. Product Pop: collagen addition, retinal and hydroxyl acids Task 2 – Anti-Aging Cream – Formulate the Position Backwards ;Erne Laszlo Timeless Skin Age – anti-aging cream appropriate for all skin types. Minimizes under-eye disconsolation, reduces appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, eliminates cow's feet and fine dry lines in eye zone.Formulated with Marine Co llagen Complex and vitamins to reduce lines and signs of fatigue. A cream for mass- consumption. Consumer Pop: marine natural ingredients to reduce lines caused by fatigue ; Clique Anti-Gravity Firming Lift Cream – the cream lifts and firms up skin. Helps erase the looks of lines as it tightens. Renews elasticity by rebuilding natural collagen. Adds cushion into thinning skin through patent-pending technology. This is a cream witch women use mostly during night-time, at an affordable price. Product pop: contains a self-registered formula designed to create a special cushion into skin tangling Ana telling.Task 2 – Anti-Aging Cream – Naive QUOI Plus [Target/need] To modern, dynamic and always on the move women that seek a youthful and Jovial aspect in their skin tone and texture, approximately from 35-4 years old. Is the brand of skin-care, anti-wrinkles cream [perceptual competitive framework] omitting mostly with other brands counterclaiming skin _Naive QUOI Plu s _ care products (creams, serums) , as well as with other products which aim at reducing the signs of aging – natural or chemical substances, medical interventions, additional ways of achieving the same result (massage, a particular diet).

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Electrical Power- Distribution System

Task 1: Describe the basic topology of the national grid network. The National Grid Network A national grid network is a network of cable that connects all the power stations in a country to transmit electricity to the consumers throughout the country. Electricity is in demand just about everywhere in the civilized world, and in Great Britain the network for supplying this electrical power is known commonly as the National Grid. The National Grid is an electric power transmission network which connects the substations and power stations.This is so that any electrical energy generated in Great Britain, can be utilized and help meet energy demands elsewhere. This grid system also includes interconnections that run under the sea to Northern Ireland HVDC Moyle, the Isle of Man and France HVDC Cross-Channel. The electrical energy generated for the National grid needs to be moved around all parts of the country to supply the demand. There are two methods available for the transmission and distribution of electric power and these are:   * Underground Insulated Cables Overhead Cables (Bare Conductors Suspended at a Safe Height Above Ground) The overhead lines are generally used for high-voltage long distance transmission, because the cost is lower than underground cables, especially at higher voltages. In British practice, high voltage transmission lines carry voltages ranging from 66kv to 132kv, and extra high voltage lines carry voltages from 220kv to 380kv. In all cases the power is transmitted in the form of three-phase alternating current at 50cycles/sec, and the cost of an overhead line depends largely on conductor size and voltage [Cheesman, 2007].Figure 1: General layout of electricity networks (Diagram taken from: http://en. wikipedia. org) Structure of distribution grids The structure or â€Å"topology† of a grid can vary considerably. The physical layout is often forced by what land is available and its geology. The logical topology can vary dependi ng on the constraints of budget, requirements for system reliability, and the load and generation characteristics. A typical topology of a grid is shown in figure 2 below. A A Figure 2: Schematic representation of a radial system (Diagram taken from: http://www. transanatolia. eu)Figure represent a classic electricity distribution grids-simple radial tree, sending power from a source (point A representing power generation or a substation) to delivery points (other points representing homes, businesses, or other sub networks). The cheapest and simplest topology for a distribution or transmission grid is a radial structure. This is a tree shape where power from a large supply radiates out into progressively lower voltage lines until the destination homes and businesses are reached. Most transmission grids require the reliability that more complex mesh networks provide.Other topologies used are looped systems and tied ring networks. National grids are composed of many smaller electrica l networks that are linked together into a larger network called a Wide Area Synchronous Grid, also known as an interconnection. A Wide Area Synchronous Grid allows all the independent electrical networks in a particular area to be connected by synchronizing the electrical frequency between them. United Kingdom interconnections are synchronized at 50Hz. |   | Task 2: describe the basic topology of the ring and radial feeder system. Radial Feeder SystemIn a radial configuration, lines branch out sequentially and power flows strictly in one direction, only one path is connected between each customer and the substations. The electrical power flows from the substation to the customer along a single path. If this path is interrupted, it will result in a complete loss of power to the customer. The loading of a distribution feeder is inherently unbalanced because of the large number of unequal single-phase loads that must be served. An additional imbalance is introduced by the non-equila teral conductor spacing of the three-phase overhead and underground line segments.Figure 3 below shows the radial feeder system. Figure 3: Radial distribution system Some of the advantages of this system include: minimum initial cost and simplicity of planning, design and operation. Disadvantages include: low reliability factor, distributor nearer to the feeding end is heavily loaded. Ring or Loop system: In a ring, any two points are usually connected by more than one path, meaning that some lines form loops within the system. This distribution system consists of two or more paths between the substations and the customers. It is selected to carry its normal load plus the load of the other half of the loop also.Therefore the size of the feeder conductor in a loop distribution system is the same throughout the loop. Figure 4 below shows the ring or loop feeder system. Figure 4: Loop distribution system Advantages of this system include: Less conductor material is required as each par t of the ring carries less current. Less voltage fluctuations. It is more reliable. Disadvantages include: It is difficult to design compared to the radial system. Task 3. For the radial feeder shown in fig. 3. 1 calculate the following: 15A 15A 50A 50A B B 0. 2? 0. 2? 0. 1? 0. 1? 0. 06? 0. 06? A A 20A 20A 240V 240V D D C C Figure 3. 1 a) The load voltagesSolution: From figure 3. 1, the voltage drop from A to D is: VAD=0. 2IAB+0. 06IBC+0. 1ICD Current between A and B:IAB=50+15+20=85A Voltage drop from A to B: VA-B=0. 2*85=17V Voltage at B:VB= VA-VAB Therefore,VB=240-17=223V Current between B and C:IBC=85-50=35A Voltage drop from B to C:VB-C=0. 06*35=2. 1V Voltage at C:VC= VB-VBC=223-2. 1=220. 9V Current between C and D:ICD=35-15=20A Voltage drop from C to D: VC-D=0. 1*20=2V Voltage at D:VD= VC- VCD=220. 9-2=218. 9V Therefore Voltage drop from A to D: e=0. 2IAB+0. 06IBC+0. 1ICD =0. 2*85+0. 06*35+0. 1*20 VAD =17+2. 1+2=21. 1V b) The power lost in the cable.Power supplied to the system = 240 * 85 = 20400 W PLOSS = (VAB*IAB) + (VBC * IBC)+ (VCD*ICD ) = (17*85) + (2. 1*35) +(2*20) = 1445 + 73. 5 + 40 = 20400 – = 1558. 5W c) The power developed by each load. Power at B, PB = VB * IB = 223 * 50 = 11150W= 11. 15KW Power at C, PC = VC * IC = 220. 9 * 15 = 3313. 5W = 3. 31KW Power at D, PD = VD * ID = 218. 9 * 20 = 4378W = 4. 38KW Total Power developed = PB + PC + PD = 11150 + 3313. 5 + 4378 = 18841. 5W =18. 84KW d) The efficiency of the system The efficiency of the transmission line is given by: Efficiency =100% * Power supplied / (power supplied + power loss) PP+PL*100%= 2040020400+1558. 5*100%=92. 9% Task 4: Write a short report on distribution systems. The report should include the following content: i) The most common LV distribution systems used. ii) A diagram of the single phase 3 wire 240/120 topology iii) Description of the single phase 3 wire 240/120 development iv) The effect of unequal loading v) The advantages of the single phase 3 wire 240c/120v sys tem vi) A diagram of the three phase 4 wire 208v/120 topology vii) three phase 3 wire 600v topology, vii) three phase 4 wire 480v/277v topology. Examples of where this would be used Solution:Distribution Subsystem The distribution system connects the distribution substations to the consumers’ service-entrance equipment. There are two types of distribution system: the primary and secondary distribution system. The Primary Distribution System The primary distribution lines range from 4 to 34. 5 kV and supply the load in a well-defined geographical area. The transmission system voltage is stepped-down to lower levels by distribution substation transformers. The primary distribution system is that portion of the power network between the distribution substation and the utilization transformers.The primary distribution system consists of circuits, referred to as primary or distribution feeders that originate at the secondary bus of the distribution substation. The distribution sub station is usually the delivery point of electric power in large industrial or commercial applications Primary distribution system voltages range from 2,400 V to 69,000 V. The distribution voltages in widest use are 12,470 V and 13,200 V, both three and four wire. Types of Primary Distribution System. There are two fundamental types of primary distribution systems; Radial and Network.Simply defined, a radial system has a single simultaneous path of power flow to the load. A network has more than one simultaneous path. Each of the two types of systems has a number of variations. Figure 6 illustrates four primary feeder arrangements showing tie, loop, radial and parallel feeders. There are other more complex systems, such as the primary network (interconnected substations with feeders forming a grid) and dual-service network (alternate feeder to each load). These systems, however, are simply variations of the two basic feeder arrangements.Some small industrial customers are served dir ectly by the primary feeders. Figure 6: four primary feeder arrangements. (Diagram taken from: www. navalfacilities. tpub. com) The secondary Distribution System The secondary distribution network reduces the voltage for utilization by commercial and residential consumers. Lines and cables not exceeding a few hundred feet in length deliver power to the individual consumers. The secondary distribution serves most of the customers at levels of 240/120 V, single-phase, three-wire; 208Y/120 V, three-phase, four-wire; or 480Y/277 V, three-phase, four-wire.The power for a typical home is derived from a transformer that reduces the primary feeder voltage to 240/120 V using a three wire line. Distribution systems utilize both overhead and underground conductors. The voltage levels for a particular secondary system are determined by the loads to be served. The utilization voltages are generally in the range of 120 to 600 V. In residential and rural areas the nominal supply is a 120/240 V, si ngle-phase, three-wire grounded system. If three-phase power is required in these areas, the systems are normally 208Y/120 V or less commonly 240/120 V.In commercial or industrial areas, where motor loads are predominant, the common three-phase system voltages are 208Y/120 V and 480Y/277 V. The preferred utilization voltage for industrial plants, however, is 480Y/277 V. Three-phase power and other 480 V loads are connected directly to the system at 480 V and fluorescent lighting is connected phase to neutral at 277 V. Small dry-type transformers, rated 480-208Y/120 or 480-120/240 V, are used to provide 120 V single-phase for convenience outlets and to provide 208 V single- and three-phase for small tools and other machinery.Types of Secondary distribution Systems. Various circuit arrangements are available for secondary power distribution. The basic circuits are: simple radial system, expanded radial system, primary selective system, primary loop system, secondary selective system, and secondary spot network. References Alley, R. and Smith, K. (1992) Electrical Circuits: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 220-236. Altenergy. org (2008) Alternative Energy – Wind, Solar, Hydro and other alt energy sources for home power. [online] Available at: http://www. ltenergy. org/ [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. Cheesman, J. (2007) National Grid. [online] Available at: http://ezinearticles. com/? National-Grid&id=2431881 [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. Deshpande, M. (2010)  Electrical Power System Design  . New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education, p. 256-300. Electrical-zine. blogspot. co. uk (2009) ELECTRICAL MAGAZINE: The Structure Of The Power System III. [online] Available at: http://electrical-zine. blogspot. co. uk /2009/08/structure-of-power-system-iii. html [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. En. wikipedia. rg (2011) Electrical grid – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Electrical_grid [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. Epuniversity. org (n. d. ) Electrical Configurations – Wye, Delta, Single and Split Phases. [online] Available at: http://www. epuniversity. org/w3. html [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. Learnaboutenergy. org (n. d. ) Types of Renewable Energy. [online] Available at: http://www. learnaboutenergy. org/renewable_energy/RenewableEnergy3. htm [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. Most. gov. mm (2011) Transformer Operation and system voltage control. online] Available at: http://www. most. gov. mm/techuni/media /EP_04018_2. pdf [Accessed: 17. 06. 12]. Navalfacilities. tpub. com (n. d. ) Secondary Voltage Levels. [online] Available at: http://navalfacilities. tpub. com/mo201/mo2010022. htm [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012]. Sivanagaraju, S. and satyanarayana, S. (2009)  Electrical Power Transmission and Distribution. New Delhi: Pearson Education, p. 479-512. Transanatolia. eu (2007) Electrical Grid. [online] Available at: http://www. transanatolia. eu/analyses/Energy/electrical-grid. htm [Accessed: 19 Jun 2012].

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Critical Essays on Keats poems Essays

Critical Essays on Keats poems Essays Critical Essays on Keats poems Paper Critical Essays on Keats poems Paper Essay Topic: Keats Poems and Letters Language is used effectively in both odes to create mood. In the opening stanza of Ode to a Nightingale, there is a sense of sluggishness, suggested by the heavy alliterative d, p and m sounds when Keats describes his heartache at hearing the song of the nightingale, ambivalently experiencing both joy and pain. Compared with the first half of the first stanza, the second half is full of light and sensual assonantal sounds such as beechen, green and ease. In this particular ode, there is a concentration on the senses and frequent use of synaethesia. In the first stanza, the visual can be said to evoke the aural and vice versa where the birds plot is described as melodious. In the second stanza, Keats manages to convey the taste of wine with reference to colour, song, dance and sensation, Tasting of Flora Dance, an Proveni al song, and sunburnt mirth. The fourth stanza combines sight with movement in there is not light, Save what from heaven is with the breezes blown, and in the fifth stanza there is emphasis put on the senses of touch and smell in soft incense. In the opening line of Ode on Grecian Urn, Keats makes use of a long drawn out i sound with his repetition in still unravished bride of quietness. Since Ode on a Grecian Urn is about a work of art, Keats draws attention to the fact that his ode is a work of art with the use of assonance, echoes and insistent sound patterns. His use of repetition in the second stanza, unheard echoes heard, sweeter sweet and pipes pipe, is effectively combined with the assonance of ears endeard and no tone. It is the frequent use of parallelism, constant personification of the urn, and the invocations and exclamations of this ode that highlights the specific language used for the reader. This ode uses what can be said to be poetic language as it draws attention to its artifice, to the fact that the poem has been consciously and artfully constructed. Both odes are written in ten-line stanzas, however, Ode to a Nightingale differs from Ode on a Grecian Urn in that it is metrically variable. It also differs from the other odes in that the rhyme scheme is the same in every stanza and consists of Keatss most basic rhyme scheme of all the odes, as it follows the scheme AB AB CDE CDE. Comparably, Ode on a Grecian Urn follows a similar structure to Ode on Melancholy and is made up of a two-part rhyme scheme. This rhyme scheme helps to create a sense of a two-part thematic structure where the first four lines of each stanza roughly outline the subject of the stanza, and the last six lines develop it. The final two lines of Ode on a Grecian Urn, in which the speaker imagines the urn speaking its message to mankind, Beauty is truth, truth beauty, have proved to be amongst the most difficult to interpret of Keatss work, along with the final lines of Ode to a Nightingale, where the speaker asks Was it a vision, or a waking dream? Do I wake or sleep? Keatss final question on the status of his experience in Ode to a Nightingale is problematic for a number of reasons. Whilst some critics have affirmed that the poem is about the inadequacy of the imagination, others believe there is a greater kind of ambivalence in Keatss attitude. It has been argued that Keats still suggests through his final question that such a vision or experience is possible, or at least, something he longs for. The last two lines of Ode on a Grecian Urn, Beauty is truth, truth beauty, is perplexing and has sparked much debate. However, it has been interpreted in several ways, mainly, in that it could be the speaker addressing the urn and it could also be the urn addressing mankind. It has been argued that if it is the speaker addressing the urn, then it would seem to indicate their awareness of the urns limitations, however, if it is the urn addressing mankind, it would appear that Keatss message is that beauty and truth are one and the same. There are significant differences between Ode to a Nightingale and Ode on a Grecian Urn, as in the latter, there is a sense of formality not experienced in Ode to a Nightingale. Most notably, there is no I and the focus is not so much on the mind as on the work of art, the urn itself. The suppression of Ode to a Nightingale is matched in Ode on a Grecian Urn, and in many ways, can be said to be companion poems. In the later poem, the speaker confronts a created art-object not subject to any of the limitations of time, whilst in Ode to a Nightingale, Keatss speaker achieves creative expression through the nightingales song which is spontaneous and without physical manifestation. In conclusion, though there are both evident similarities between the two odes, it is clear that their differences outnumber them. Whilst Ode on a Grecian Urn is much more formal, Ode to a Nightingale is arguably the more personal, if not the most personal out of Keatss odes. Perhaps it is the opening of the ode with the statement My heart aches that makes the ode appear subjective, whilst Ode on a Grecian Urn combines both subjective poetic expression but also objective historical expression. Although similar in format, the odes differ in their rhyme schemes and also it is the many paradoxes of Ode on a Grecian Urn that differentiate it from the Ode to a Nightingale. One of the many paradoxes found in this ode is that of the urn itself, as it is silent but is also said to be a historian that can communicate. Ultimately, one can appreciate that there are a variety of comparative and contrasting elements of the two odes, however individual each one may be. Bibliography Glennis Byron York Notes Advanced, John Keats Selected Poems Longman Literature Guides, Critical Essays on Keats poems and letters Helen Vendler, The Odes of John Keats

Monday, October 21, 2019

Reagan and the 1983 Marines Barracks Massacre in Beirut

Reagan and the 1983 Marines Barracks Massacre in Beirut In 2002, the Presidential Oral History Program at the University of Virginia’s Miller Center of Public Affairs interviewed Caspar Weinberger about the six years (1981-1987) he spent as Ronald Reagan’s Secretary of Defense. Stephen Knott, the interviewer, asked him about the bombing of the U.S. Marines barracks in Beirut on Oct. 23, 1983, which killed 241 Marines. Here’s his answer: Weinberger: Well, that’s one of my saddest memories. I was not persuasive enough to persuade the President that the Marines were there on an impossible mission. They were very lightly armed. They were not permitted to take the high ground in front of them or the flanks on either side. They had no mission except to sit at the airport, which is just like sitting in a bull’s eye. Theoretically, their presence was supposed to support the idea of disengagement and ultimate peace. I said, â€Å"They’re in a position of extraordinary danger. They have no mission. They have no capability of carrying out a mission, and they’re terribly vulnerable.† It didn’t take any gift of prophecy or anything to see how vulnerable they were. When that horrible tragedy came, why, as I say, I took it very personally and still feel responsible in not having been persuasive enough to overcome the arguments that â€Å"Marines don’t cut and run,† and â€Å"We can’t leave because we’re there,† and all of that. I begged the President at least to pull them back and put them back on their transports as a more defensible position. That ultimately, of course, was done after the tragedy. Knott also asked Weinberger about â€Å"the impact that the tragedy had on President Reagan.† Weinberger: Well, it was very, very marked, there was no question about it. And it couldn’t have come at a worse time. We were planning that very weekend for the actions in Grenada to overcome the anarchy that was down there and the potential seizure of American students, and all the memories of the Iranian hostages. We had planned that for Monday morning, and this terrible event occurred on Saturday night. Yes, it had a very deep effect. We talked a few minutes ago about the strategic defense. One of the other things that had a tremendous effect on him was the necessity of playing these war games and rehearsing, in which we went over the role of the President. The standard scenario was that â€Å"the Soviets had launched a missile. You have eighteen minutes, Mr. President. What are we going to do?† He said, â€Å"Almost any target we attack will have huge collateral damage.† Collateral damage is the polite way of phrasing the number of innocent women and children who are killed because you’re engaging in a war, and it was up in the hundreds of thousands. That is one of the things, I think, that convinced him that we not only had to have a strategic defense, but we should offer to share it. That was another of the things that was quite unusual about our acquiring strategic defense, and which now seems largely forgotten. When we got it, we said he would share it with the world, so as to render all of these weapons useless. He insisted on that kind of proposal. And as it turned out, with this cold war ending and all, it didn’t become necessary. One thing that disappointed him most was the reaction of the academic and the so-called defense expert community to this proposal. They were horrified. They threw up their hands. It was worse than talking about evil empire. Here you were undermining the years and years of academic discipline that you shouldn’t have any defense. He said he simply did not want to trust the future of the world to philosophic assumptions. And all the evidence was that the Soviets were preparing for a nuclear war. They had these huge underground cities and underground communications. They were setting up environments in which they could live for a long time and keep their command and control communications capabilities. But people didn’t want to believe that and therefore didn’t believe it. Read the full interview at the Miller Center for Public Affairs.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

An Easier Way To Tell Your Story Using Content Marketing

An Easier Way To Tell Your Story Using Content Marketing The term story is used all the time with content marketing. â€Å"Find your story,† they say. â€Å"Tell your unique story.† Well, sometimes your story can be so big, it can be hard to know where to start. Do you have a ton of ideas for blog posts but struggle to find the topics your audience would care about the most? Is it hard to understand the connection from one blog post to another? Creating content that connects one blog post with the next can seem like a complex process. But it doesnt have to be. An Easier Way To Tell Your Story Using Content Marketing #ContentMarketing #Storytelling How Story Flows Can Help You Create Connected and Relevant Content Defining your story about a specific topic- and breaking down that huge concept with story flows- will help you create better content. Story flows are just a small group of ideas you can use to create content. They are parts- or chapters- of your story that can help you manage your process much easier while making sure your content is connected. Story flows can make sure that all of your content marketing is connected. #ContentMarketingIf you have a ton of ideas- or even none at all- the process of defining your story and subsequent flows will help you: Find your topic. Connect that topic with your audience. Discover the unique story you’ll share. Find patterns to connect your blog posts. Manage your blog posts as projects. Reuse your blog posts as larger content formats (like e-books, webinars or whatever your audience wants). Essentially, the process of defining your story and story flows will help you plan your work to help you create blog posts faster and more strategically. Give this a try in the morning, and youll be creating better content by the afternoon. Heres how it works. Step 1: Find Your Topic Whether youre a product or service company, you probably have a million things you could talk about. For this process to work, its essential to narrow your topic to just one thing. That’s not to say that you could create content for multiple topics- just concentrate on one at a time while planning this stuff so your head doesnt explode. Topics are typically high-level niches your company is well-known for- or wants to become well-known for. Were not looking for broad, sweeping industry terms here- this cant cover everything your business does. Instead, focus on something truly unique to your company that makes you stand out from your competition. Thats your topic. Ask yourself: Whats the first topic you want to tackle? Step 2: Connect That Topic With Your Audience Knowing the topic you want to talk about is one thing. In order for your content marketing to be successful, you need to make sure your audience actually cares about that topic. At this point, you need to have an understanding of your customer base- your content marketings audience. For this practice to work, understand that everyone is not a good answer for who your audience is! Everyone is not a good answer to the question who is my audience?   #ContentMarketing #ProTipYou may have heard of reader personas before to help you think of your audience while you write blog posts. That may be exactly what you need to connect your topic with your audience. Ive seen marketers create content that only talks about their products or services (what theyve defined as their topic) without figuring out what their audience really wants from their business. Its a huge waste of effort to create content without understanding your audiences needs. You have things you want to talk about. There are people who want to hear about those things. But they may not want to hear the features of your product or service, but learn about a way to do something different- better, faster or easier- as related to your topic. As an example, provides an editorial calendar as a product and service, but a topic we  concentrate on is helping our  customers enhance their own content marketing. Ask yourself: Who cares about your topic enough to search for information to solve their need? Step 3: Discover the Unique Story You’ll Share Now its time to explore the details of your topic and the things your audience cares about. This is when you define your content core- your content marketing story. In this step, you need to find your topic expert (whether its you or someone else in your company) and gather some information from them. If you think of this like an interview, you need to ask about this stuff: What does your audience already know about your topic? How did they learn about it? Why does your audience care about your topic? How can you help them learn more about that topic? So when you start gathering that information, keep these three things in mind: Ask enough questions to make sure you fully understand the topic. Connect your knowledge with your audiences needs. Use what you learned to define a mission statement to help you stay focused. Put it to work: Find the information to understand your topic, audience and mission statement. Step 4: Find Patterns to Connect Your Blog Posts When you discover your story, you’ll find a ton of ideas you could create blog posts about. Dont let this overwhelm you- this is when your story flows will help you strategically plan your blog posts. Organize all those ideas from awareness level messages to the ones that help your audience make big decisions. One way to think about this is with a traditional marketing funnel. The funnel can help you visualize which ideas your prospects might be interested in- people just discovering your topic- versus people who are nearly ready to use your product or service. You should categorize your discovery ideas at the top of the funnel, whereas the big decision-making ideas are probably at the bottom of the funnel. Organize your ideas in an ideal chronological order. So think of it this way: If someone were to read every single blog post you write, which posts would come first, second, third and so on. Organizing your ideas in chronological order can help you choose ideas from beginning to end for your story flows. This way, when you write your blog posts, you’ll walk your audience through an entire journey from awareness to helping them make a decision. Once you have your ideas in order, look for patterns from the beginning of the list to the end. For example, you might see a pattern on how your audience could do something faster, which would be helpful for them to save time they could use on other projects. There will be ideas from the top of the funnel all the way to the bottom that could come together as a story flow for these ideas. It’s important for your story flows to have ideas from awareness to decision-making. As you laid out in your ideal chronological order, you want to funnel your audience to the end ideas to help them make a decision. You can’t do that if you don’t have a story flow with ideas ranging from the top of the funnel all the way to the bottom. Put it to work: Categorize your ideas in a chronological order (as if your audience were to read every blog post you write from start to finish). Step 5: Manage Your Blog Posts as Projects When you looked through the ideas that make up your story, you were probably able to come up with a number of story flows. This is helpful because you can manage your blog posts as projects- pick a small group of ideas to tackle at a time. For example, if you had 10 ideas that came together in a story flow, that has the potential to be 10 or more blog posts. Now you can manage those posts with your editorial calendar and assign them as projects with specific due dates. At this time, you may want to spread out a single story flow throughout the year- and work on several story flows at the same time. That gives you time to create minimum viable content and measure the success of a given story flow- piece by piece- while consistently creating strategic content. Though this approach involves working on several projects (story flows) at a time, its very manageable by planning your work for the upcoming weeks, month or year (depending on the size of your story flows) using an editorial calendar. In this example, its easy to spot blog posts planned for three story flows because they are highlighted with different colors. Your story flows give you the opportunity to plan your work and help you move faster while strategically connecting all of the content you create. Put it to work: Plan your ideas as blog posts on your editorial calendar. Step 6: Reuse Your Blog Posts in Larger Content Formats When youre done with your blog posts for a specific story flow, you now have so much connected content that you can create larger pieces from those posts. After you create enough blog posts to complete a story flow, you can reuse that content for larger formats like e-books, webinars and videos (among others). Imagine your blog posts coming together as chapters in an e-book. After you have an e-book, couldnt you use that same content for discussion points in a webinar? And after that webinar is over, couldnt you share that recorded webinar as a training video? And maybe you could even write a few more blog posts to share that video of the webinar. Being able to reuse your blog posts for larger forms of content is one of the biggest benefits of strategically planning your story flows. Ask yourself: How can you repurpose the blog posts you wrote for specific story flows into larger content formats your audience wants? What Will You Do Now? I meant it when I said a lot of this can be done in a single day. The beauty of the process is that it can be as extensive or relaxed as you need it to be. How could you plan and execute your content marketing using story flows?

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Film School Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film School - Personal Statement Example Therefore, I believe people can examine their own society through the movies and as an aspiring film-maker, I hope to someday touch lives by creating films that examine this society Movies like "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon," and "The Departed," gave me inspiration. After I graduated from high school my parents suggested that I take time off to find myself, it was difficult not being a student nor working and giving to the community. However, through watching films, I realized that no matter what kind of movie it was, every movie provided great insight and a message about life. I found myself researching why certain filmmakers decided to tackle a theme or what the inspiration was that launched their idea. For example, Martin Scorsese, the Producer and Director of, "Gangs of New York" had a personal interest in portraying the historical makings of Gotham City. His curiosity about his own city provoked him to create a piece of work that could be shared with a large audience. The Director, Ang Lee became another inspiration. His ability to cross the cultural, societal and linguistic barriers amazed me. Lee's leap from strictly small Chinese films to worldwide aw ard winners gave me hope that I too could stir the hearts and minds of society. These two directors, and many others compelled me to be a part of the industry that had such an effect on me. My interest in film grew when my friend who was a film maj

Friday, October 18, 2019

Inventory Accounting for Product Lines Case Study

Inventory Accounting for Product Lines - Case Study Example The custom auto and motorcycle paints are not distinguishable items as distinctively as the automobile kits. They have a shelf life of 60 days which means that paints entering the inventory must be leaving it within 60 days or else they will be identified by the expired coloration. This suggests a running inventory line where the inventory moves linearly. The paints bought first are sold first and the paints bought last are sold last. But since the inventory is not linearly distributed i.e. it cannot be ascertained as to how many days a particular paint has been sitting in the warehouse, the most appropriate inventory costing system would be average costing. This would mean that the cost of goods sold will incorporate the linear movement of inventory and allow for averaged costs over time. Average based costing would ensure that the proportions of the paints sold would be used to estimate the final COGS - weighted averages have significant accuracy in such inventory models. The other items in inventory (bulbs, stickers, fuses, etc) are low-priced items and the shuffli

Case Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Analysis - Research Paper Example It transports more passengers, and it is also offers more regular schedule for domestic flights compared to its competitors. It offers low fares than any other airline because of its low-operating expenses. Chris Lauer accounts â€Å"Southwest Airlines is the largest low-fare carrier in the world† (1). Southwest’s also has a good customer service, a dedicated staff and personnel, and an exceptional management team that keeps on making an excellent pricing and marketing plan for the company. One of Southwest’s successful strategies is serving less congested airports that helped minimize total travel time for passengers, and this allowed the company to avoid paying the higher landing fees and terminal gate costs. Southwest is routinely improving its information system for faster flow of information in order to enhance the airlines function, cut costs, and improve its customer service On account of Southwest’s aim to carry out its low-fare strategy continually, the company operated only one type of aircraft. Along with this, Southwest flight attendants were responsible for cleaning up trash left by passengers and getting the plane presentable for the next flight while rival carriers had cleaning crews. The airline also did not have a first-class section on any of its planes. Also, passengers with checked baggage who were connecting to other carriers in order to reach their destinations were not offered baggage transfer services. Southwest also has a tarnished reputation regarding the management’s failure to conduct the required inspections for fuselage fatigue cracking. Southwest’s has growth opportunities by having a first-class section on its planes and by serving more domestic flights and possibly international flights. The airline should also offer a baggage transfer services to passengers who have connecting flights with other carriers in order to improve its customer service.

Disadvantages and Tax Consequences of Partnerships Essay

Disadvantages and Tax Consequences of Partnerships - Essay Example This paper discusses that  a partnership has some tax benefits in comparison to other different business entities. Thus, for example, loss or income distribution or allocation should be proportional to the ownership stakes of the stakeholders of a given corporation, whereas for a partnership, it may allocate cash flow or income amongst the partners that suits them best. In addition, a partnership allows resource pooling, needs basic filling requirements, avoids double taxation like that of corporate profits together with being reasonably easy to suspend operations. A partnership can therefore liquidate tax-free, but a corporation is usually taxed at the entity point whenever it liquidates. The other tax break for a limited partnership concerns limited partners. Normally, general partners usually pay self-employment taxes since they are involved actively in the daily running of their business operations.This essay stresses that  self-employment taxation comprises of Medicare and S ocial Security taxes put together and normally accounts for 15.3% of the total income of a partner as of 2013.It is important to note that a limited partner who does not take part in the operation of the business is not entitled to self-employment taxation.  A conventional partnership usually has authority distributed equally between the partners, and thus, no hierarchy of authority exists.  Inflexibility is particularly undesirable when the partners have existing disagreements amongst themselves.

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Whole Body Vibration and Bone Mass.Effects Of Whole-Body Vibration Research Paper

Whole Body Vibration and Bone Mass.Effects Of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise On Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength - Research Paper Example Method: Randomised controlled trial involving 16 elderly women, randomised into experimental group (n=8) and control group (n=8) based on strict inclusion criteria. They were exposed to whole body vibration on a vibrating platform for 24 sessions 3 times a week. On the vibrating platform, both the groups performed two dynamic exercises and one static exercise, and the frequency of vibration was progressively increased in the exercise group to 20-32 Hz while the control group always received 10 Hz. The outcome measures were serum PTH, calcium, phosphate, and beta crosslap along with anthropometry and a 30-second chair test. Results: The serum PTH concentration increased significantly in the experimental group by 44.3%, but the responses of blood calcium, phosphate, and beta-cross lap had no significantly demonstrable change. In both the groups, the 30-second chair test showed significant changes in the strength level of both the groups with considerable change in the experimental group. Anthropometric data demonstrated usefulness of training in the experimental group. Critique: The details of the power calculation have not been given, and given the small size of samples in each group, the reader have a chance to doubt the reliability and validity of the data collected. The exclusion criteria given tend to exclude any other confounding factors that may influence PTH, calcium, phosphate, or vitamin D metabolism.... The exercise regimens and workup schedule also indicate involvement of all the muscle groups. The details of the WBV training sessions had been given in separate tables, and the results have been discussed. Appropriate statistical analysis has been undertaken with complementary pre-post test analysis of physical condition and anthropometry with statistically significant changes demonstrated through increase in PTH levels. The effects lesser intensity WBV had no significant effects, although there were no increases in circulating calcium or phosphate levels. It can be argued that this study could have determined the time variations in calcium and phosphate levels with the changes in the PTH levels, but the design did not incorporate that. As a result, it is not possible to say whether these changes in PTH could at all lead to bone mineralisation. The authors admit that as a limitation of this study that this study could not determine whether the rise in PTH level with WBV could achiev e its main objective of accomplishing improvement in bone mineralisation. The rise in PTH may also lead to increase rate of bone demineralisation, but concurrent estimation of pro-collagen I levels do not show bone degradation. The small sample size poses another limitation, which confounds the effects of exercise in improving the strength of the muscles; however, despite these limitations, this study reveals the positive effects of WBV in bone mineralisation in the elderly population (Martna et al., 2009, 1-6). 2. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength and Power in an Older Population: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Rees, SS., Murphy, AJ., Watsford, ML., (2008). Aim: To investigate the effects of vibration exercises on

The Experience in Working at Various Organizations Essay

The Experience in Working at Various Organizations - Essay Example I have grown up with the ideology that education and religion are two aspects that are very influential in life. Before joining college, I worked hard in order to raise enough finances to cater for my school fees. It was not simple since I had to work during the day and at night. Even though I am working hard to raise my school fees, I still require financial support in order to continue with my education without any difficulties. Sometimes even after the hard labour, I have to support my family as I save the rest. It reaches a moment where one feels exhausted and ready to surrender, but, Dr Packer’s quote, 'it is always too soon to quit† pops into my mind and I encourage myself to go on with the hard work. In my academic life, I have encountered many challenges and tribulations that nearly put me off, but I have this spirit of trying again. This is a driving force that has kept me going. Withal, my intentions are not to stop at the college level, but to attain a doctora l program, and this is the reason why I am applying for a scholarship. As an average student, I have been committed and dedicated to raising my performance in school, most offering voluntary services in my community. I also participate in various campaigns with important information about managerial development skills. Lately, I took part in the Hunger strike campaign which had an encouraging message of feeding the poor and bridging the gap between the poor and the rich. I was honoured to present a speech in Berkeley college where I emphasized the significance of applying classroom knowledge into real life situation.

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Whole Body Vibration and Bone Mass.Effects Of Whole-Body Vibration Research Paper

Whole Body Vibration and Bone Mass.Effects Of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise On Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength - Research Paper Example Method: Randomised controlled trial involving 16 elderly women, randomised into experimental group (n=8) and control group (n=8) based on strict inclusion criteria. They were exposed to whole body vibration on a vibrating platform for 24 sessions 3 times a week. On the vibrating platform, both the groups performed two dynamic exercises and one static exercise, and the frequency of vibration was progressively increased in the exercise group to 20-32 Hz while the control group always received 10 Hz. The outcome measures were serum PTH, calcium, phosphate, and beta crosslap along with anthropometry and a 30-second chair test. Results: The serum PTH concentration increased significantly in the experimental group by 44.3%, but the responses of blood calcium, phosphate, and beta-cross lap had no significantly demonstrable change. In both the groups, the 30-second chair test showed significant changes in the strength level of both the groups with considerable change in the experimental group. Anthropometric data demonstrated usefulness of training in the experimental group. Critique: The details of the power calculation have not been given, and given the small size of samples in each group, the reader have a chance to doubt the reliability and validity of the data collected. The exclusion criteria given tend to exclude any other confounding factors that may influence PTH, calcium, phosphate, or vitamin D metabolism.... The exercise regimens and workup schedule also indicate involvement of all the muscle groups. The details of the WBV training sessions had been given in separate tables, and the results have been discussed. Appropriate statistical analysis has been undertaken with complementary pre-post test analysis of physical condition and anthropometry with statistically significant changes demonstrated through increase in PTH levels. The effects lesser intensity WBV had no significant effects, although there were no increases in circulating calcium or phosphate levels. It can be argued that this study could have determined the time variations in calcium and phosphate levels with the changes in the PTH levels, but the design did not incorporate that. As a result, it is not possible to say whether these changes in PTH could at all lead to bone mineralisation. The authors admit that as a limitation of this study that this study could not determine whether the rise in PTH level with WBV could achiev e its main objective of accomplishing improvement in bone mineralisation. The rise in PTH may also lead to increase rate of bone demineralisation, but concurrent estimation of pro-collagen I levels do not show bone degradation. The small sample size poses another limitation, which confounds the effects of exercise in improving the strength of the muscles; however, despite these limitations, this study reveals the positive effects of WBV in bone mineralisation in the elderly population (Martna et al., 2009, 1-6). 2. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength and Power in an Older Population: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Rees, SS., Murphy, AJ., Watsford, ML., (2008). Aim: To investigate the effects of vibration exercises on

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

How is International Law Enforced Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

How is International Law Enforced - Thesis Example Laws are only as good as their ability to be enforced and in a decentralized world that is torn apart by self-seeking interests and motives, enforcement of international laws seems a very tall order. This is evinced by the way the organs of the United Nations have behaved in the past, particularly the Security Council, which had difficulty arriving at consensus in resolving problems simply because the chamber has, most of the time, become an extended arena of power struggle. Moreover, not only is the entire international judicial and legal system underpinned by the voluntary participation and submission of parties to the jurisdiction of these courts, but such courts seem impervious to private individuals and entities. The bottom line is that any difficulty in enforcing international law is caused by the lack of necessary support mechanism that is underpinned by the monopoly of legitimate force by a singular, supreme authority that exercises compulsory jurisdiction. Nonetheless, there is little chance that a more revolutionary system of enforcement could substitute the present along the lines of enforcement systems found in municipal laws considering that the nature of association of states is based on voluntariness and respect for one another’s sovereignty. One has only to look back on what the Versailles Treaty has brought to the world as a consequence. The enforcement of international law therefore, would have to continue relying largely on diplomacy, negotiation, state cooperation and third party proxy enforcement, among others; unless there is compelling need to do otherwise. II. Fundamentals of International Law International law is commonly defined as a body of rules governing the relations of states. It is a legal system separate and opposed to the concepts of municipal law, domestic law, national law or internal law allied to an association of human society coming from various jurisdictions. One of the important and distinct features of internati onal law is the breadth of its jurisdiction transcends political boundaries. Thus, international laws govern the conduct of the citizens of more than one country or the conduct of various states with one another on different areas such as economic, political or social (Fichtelberg 43; Ross 12). International law has various sources, but treaties and conventions form the primary foundation of its realm. A treaty or convention is a voluntary agreement between or among several countries, which contain the terms and provisions of how such countries are to conduct themselves with respect to the subject of the agreement. Examples are the Treaty of Versailles, the Treaty of Paris and the European Convention Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (or ECHR). According to Article 38(1) of the International Court of Justice, aside from international conventions, the following also serve to guide its determination of applicable international law: international custom; the general principles of l aw recognized and practiced by civilized states, and; as subsidiary sources - judicial decisions, teachings of prominent international scholars (cited Malanczuk and Akehurst 36-37; Malone 5-6). The function

Monday, October 14, 2019

The Benefits Of FDI To MNCs

The Benefits Of FDI To MNCs Globalisation commenced after the World War II, but grew explicitly after the mid-1980s driven by the technological progress as well as rising liberalization of trade and capital markets. However, according to Hood and Young (2000) globalisation began at the time of World Economic Crisis in 1970 (Asian crisis, oil crisis, post-Vietnam war). During that time Western industrialized countries experienced slow down in economies, reduction in profits as well as strong competition. As a result, the following strategies were used in order to tackle these problems: cheap labor usage in manufacturing process, new market exploration as well as strategic alliances formation. MNCs began to cut their costs by utilizing cheap labor from developing countries, such as Mexico, Tunisia and Taiwan. (Hood and Young, 2000) According to Strange (1997) observations globalization has increased mobility of capital, knowledge and information. (Hood N. and Young S., 2000) The globalization process has let multinationals desire to optimize market competitive variable and costs within a liberalizing trade and investment environment. (Hood N. and Young S., 2000). During the process of globalisation following institutions were established: the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), as well as World Trade Organisation (WTO). The later played a significant role in favouring free trade, instead of protectionism. FDI deregulationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦has played an important role for investment into privatezed firms as well as the domestic economy growth and price stabilization. . (Hood N. and Young S., 2000) will research moreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦More information in terms of deregulation should be at beginning when you start the globalization Benefits of FDI MNCs may be motivated to undertake foreign direct investment to get more demand as well as get into the markets where they could generate greater profits. Both these motives are usually based on opportunities to get higher revenues in foreign markets. Other motives are related to the cost efficiency, when using foreign factors of production: raw materials or technology. Moreover, MNCs may be involved in FDI in order to protect foreign to protect their foreign market share, to respond to exchange rate changes, or to evade trade restrictions (can be used in conclusions) For instance, a company considering FDI in Asia or USA may still be attracted by Asia due to higher growth potential for a company as well as higher profit margins. Moreover, if case the local currency depreciates there will be less costs necessary to establish a subsidiary. MNCs may decrease its exposure to economic conditions by expanding their business activities between different economies. When foreign direct investment occurs, constant reassessment is needed in order to anticipate whether further expansion should take place. The decision is influenced by the economic conditions in the subsidiarys country, parents country, host country government as well as MNCs experience in operating abroad. MNCs which will not experience problems will be the ones which will employ local labour as well as manuacture the goods that have no direct substitutes in a foreign country. Usually the ideal FDI is the one by the means of which the problems of local unemployment and technological scarcity is solved with no threat to the local firms. Global markets join those who may offer capital and those who require capital, hence promoting economic growth. Moreover, global markets create pleasant conditions for mutually beneficial trading. Economists tend to favour free flow of capital due to the following reasons: Get the highest rate of return Reduce the risk by diversifying the lending and investment. Huge corporations, like Coca-Cola, Nestle, and Gillette took advantage of the globalisation by spreading their international operations across boarders, hence to become more competitive, meet global demand as well as cut their production costs.  [1]  Investing into emerging markets has brought much of success to these companies. Like any investor, an MNC is valuating its risk and return, when forming international projects. The portfolio of all projects determines the MNC as a whole. In fact, the riskier the country, the less probably the investors will invest, however this might anticipate higher returns. In fact, risky project may offer negative returns, however a high-risk alliance might be successful and bring high returns, for example, Google. Lower risk investment is likely to offer positive returns. Therefore, when choosing a portfolio a company should evaluate how much extra return is needed in order to offset the extra risk or how much extra return the company is ready to sacrifice in order to have lower risk. Project portfolios generate higher returns than the individual ones due to the diversification characteristics. The less the correlation in project returns the less should be the project portfolio risk. Along the efficient frontier of project portfolios, there is no portfolio to be said as an optimal for all MNCs. This is due to the fact that MNCs differ in readiness to accept risk. If the MNC is very cautious and may select between the portfolios reflected by the frontier it will probably favour one that shows low risk. However, more risk tolerant strategy would be to undertake the projects risk return close to the top of frontier. In fact, the location of frontier is determined by the business MNC is undertaking. For example, Eurosteel plc trades steel only to European markets, then its frontier of efficient project portfolios indicate high risk, as this company sells only one product as well as it trades with countries whose economies are correlated. However, Uniliver plc sells variety of products worldwide, hence due its diversified range is less exposed to the project portfolio risk. Here is assumed that the Uniliver plc is well informed about all the products as well as the markets where it operates. MNCs may get more attractive risk-return from the projects portfolios if they enough diversify among products as well as geographic markets. Moreover, it may However if it is a new company it international investment activity is affected by the country risk. The risks may overtake the returns. For example: Conclusions: Usual motivation for foreign direct investment relates to international diversification. This lets MNC to stabilise its cash flows as well as lessens its risk exposure. Such a goal is desirable because it may reduce the firms cost of financing. International projects may let the company to be exposed to lower risk than if undertaking solely domestic projects and not sacrificing its expected returns. International diversification impacts risk reduction if FDI is performed in countries whose economies are low correlated to MNCs home country economy.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Women in America Essays -- essays research papers fc

â€Å"The Evolution of Women in Society†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout United States history oppression of people has always been prominent, whether through African American’s and segregation or Asian American’s during the Vietnam War. What is often ignored is our history of the oppression of women. No matter what time in history, there is always a case to be found of the discrimination over gender. Many people know of how African American’s came into freedom and the long perilous road it took, but few know the struggles, changes and hardships that women have perceived to get where they are today. As the civil war halted and industrialization and urbanization came into play, the role of women changed dramatically and their status in the society in the aspects of employment, equal-rights, and in the home.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women entered the work force suddenly and abruptly. With the advent of typewriters, clerical work, and assembly lines, women were looked for more and more to fill labor positions. Although the typewriter was not responsible for the employment of women as clerical workers its existence probably facilitated or eased the entrance of women into offices (Binder 68). Also expansions in industrial and retail sectors saw women employment in clerical jobs skyrocket. In 1920, the amount of women in clerical work was over 12 times that in 1880 (Norton 341). Some women were getting supervising jobs but they posed no threat to male managers (Norton 3...

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Child Case Study :: Psychology Psychological children Essays

Child Case Study Who?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5-year old boy (Friends Nephew) Name? â€Å"JD† Where? In the Family Room and the Kitchen How many family members are present? Brother(3) Aunt (20) Grandma (60) (PEER SETTING) 30-minute observation Friday 2/25/05 4:00PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child sitting on floor in front of TV getting ready to watch Ed, Edd, and Eddy. 4:02PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lying down on pillow. 4:04PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Asks aunt for banana. 4:06PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eats banana in kitchen 4:08PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eating and watching from kitchen. 4:10PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finishes banana and sits in family room watching cartoon. 4:12PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sitting and watching TV with little brother. 4:14PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Commercial and brother and him reenacting cartoon. 4:16PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cartoon is back on and both are still playing rough. 4:18PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aunt tells them to stop and they don’t. They are still playing rough. 4:20PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child stops playing rough with younger brother and sit down watching TV. 4:22PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Watching Ed, Edd, and Eddy. 4:24PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Watching Ed, Edd, and Eddy. 4:26PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Laughing and still watching Ed, Edd, and Eddy. 4:28PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Show is over child begins to play with Aunt’s Boxer Dog. 4:30PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child continues to play with dog (brother joins in later). Who?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5-year old boy (Friends Nephew) Name? â€Å"JD† Where? In the Kitchen How many family members are present? Brother(3) Aunt (20) Grandma (60) Sister (6) (FAMILY INTERACTION) 30-minute observation Monday 3/1/05 2:00PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kids come over. 2:02PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child pulled homework out right away and Aunt sits to help. 2:04PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aunt helps child with reading for reading log. 2:06PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child practicing reading skills with his reading book. 2:08PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child finished reading book 2:10PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child worked on his writing skills. JD writes two sentences every three days. 2:12PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child is still working on his writing skills. 2:14PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child is still working on his writing skills, he is almost finished. 2:16PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child finishes his sentence writing and works on his math homework. 2:18PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child works on math problems. 2:20PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child is counting with his fingers. 2:22PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child is still counting with his fingers on another problem. 2:24PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child finishes his homework. JD sits on couch and watches Jimmy Neutron. 2:26PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child watches TV still. 2:28PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  TV Show ends and child tries to read his dinosaur book. 2:30PM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child gives up on reading and goes back to watching the next episode on Nicktoons.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Invention of Telephone

Why did Alexander Graham Bell invent the telephone? * Mrs. Bell was deaf and Mr. Bell was always trying to help those who could not hear. The telephone was one of his attempts to create a device for the deaf, to assist their ability to hear. * Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone so that people can communicate with other people anywhere in world. * To facilitate verbal communication over long distances. * He invented the telephone because he is an inventor and he wanted to find a way how to communicate with other people apart from talking to them face-to-face. Bell originally started looking into the telephone as a way to speak to the spirit world. As with many inventors and inventions of the age, there seemed to be a great belief in spirits and the need to communicate with them so that items such as radio waves, telephones and televisions all started out as a means of communication with the other world. * Previous communication technology was limited to the telegraph. The te legraph was inefficient because it relied on Morse Code to relay messages.Only a few trained professionals were taught Morse Code, and not everybody could translate with it. Whereas a telephone would allow people to speak directly to one another without a step in-between. Bell sought to solve this problem. * There is a report that says that Alexander Graham Bell invented the phone to help his few family members as they suffered from hearing problems. But at the same time his father in law did not agree with it. He said it was a toy, that no child would be interested in.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Othello Tragic Hero

According to Aristotle, a tragic hero is a character of noble status and greatness. He is a man who is not entirely good or entirely evil, rather, he is a man who on the whole is good, but also contributes to his own destruction by some moral weaknesses, known as the fatal flaw. Aristotle further explains that the protagonist must be dominated by a ‘hamartia’ or tragic flaw which leads to his downfall. All tragedies have a hero with a flaw, and in the play Othello, the hero becomes transformed by his tragic flaws of jealousy and gullibility. Othello is the general in the army of Venice and is in love with Desdemona. He is a Moor of African descent, who has risen through the ranks of the Venetian army through hard work and success in battle. Othello is a cultural and racial outsider, often described as a ‘black ram’ or ‘moor’, and his relationship with Desdemona was not accepted by the society at the time, thus resulting in their actions to elope and get married. Othello is an admirable figure and despite of the colour of his skin, was respected by many people in the society. In the play, Othello’s central flaw is jealousy, bringing about death and misunderstanding for many of the characters. His flaw of jealousy was exploited by Iago and manipulated through many incidental events. Othello is a very trusting and noble character and is regarded as Shakespeare’s most romantic character. Othello’s boundless love for Desdemona makes it unbearable for him to think of another man looking at her. Othello’s fatal flaw of jealousy is shown, as due to his suspicious and jealous nature, he believes everything Iago tells him about Cassio and Desdemona. Iago uses Othello’s great love through extreme manipulation to get Othello more and more jealous, this can be seen when Othello is slowly starting to believe Iago, â€Å"Damn her, lewd minx! O, damn her! Come, go with me apart; I will withdraw, To furnish me with some swift means of death For the fair devil. Now art thou my lieutenant. † Othello later accuses Desdemona of lying to him, â€Å"O, devil, devil! If that the Earth could teem with woman's tears, Each drop she falls would prove a crocodile. Out of my sight! † this proves as a surprise for Desdemona as although she is being faithful to her husband, he does not believe a word she is saying due to his flaw of jealousy. Othello’s flaw of jealousy takes him through a series of predicaments, led by Iago, where he makes the decisions to believe Iago’s accusations on Desdemona and Cassio. It is then his jealousy that causes him to suspect Desdemona, and piece together irrelevant information that gives him the wrong information about his wife’s infidelity. Iago cleverly brings up Othello’s flaw in Act 3 Scene 3, warning him to beware of jealousy, as he deceives him about Cassio and Desdemona’s affair, while attempting to play with his mind, â€Å"O beware, my lord, or jealousy: It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock The meat it feeds on. At the beginning of the play, when Shakespeare introduces Othello as a high-status, noble man, who is in love with his wife Desdemona, the villain is immediately brought out, uncovering the protagonists fatal flaw of naivety. Iago takes Othello’s flaw to his advantage, deceiving him into believing that his wife and his lie utenant are having an affair. To Iago’s luck, Othello regards Iago as an honest man who he trusts very much, showing dramatic irony in the lines, â€Å"Iago is most honest† and â€Å"A man he is of honesty and trust†. Shakespeare’s use of dramatic irony creates a connection between the characters in the play and the audience. Othello’s naive and trusting nature allows him to believe anything and everything Iago tells him, despite of his lack of physical evidence, which proved to be a deadly mistake. Othello’s gullibility also results in the change in his marriage. As Othello starts to believe Iago’s lies, the relationship between Othello and Desdemona changed from respectful and caring to bitter and condescending. Othello soon loses all respect for Desdemona and even refers to her as a whore, for having an affair with Cassio while she is married. Othello’s flaws of gullibility and jealousy combined resulted in his downfall. Another fatal flaw Othello possessed was trusting people easily. Othello trusted Iago very easily soon after they met. Although Iago cannot be blamed for Othello’s flaws, he was still responsible for planting the seeds in Othello’s mind. Othello also made a mistake of allowing Iago to mess with his mind, planting many accusations of his Desdemona and Cassio. Othello love Desdemona, and she always loved him. But because of his jealousy and gullibility his speech is juxtaposed and his love killed. After Othello murdered Desdemona for betraying his love, he realises his false accusations of Desdemona and Cassio and finally realises the true villain to be Iago and kills himself. In Othello’s last speech in the play, he speaks of the betrayal, remorse and of his lost love. Othello can be seen as a tragic hero, as his flaws are the cause of his death. His fatal flaws of gullibility, jealousy and easily trusting people can be seen as the cause of his death and others around him. He recognises his flaws in the end; however it is too late to bring back his wife, whom he had earlier killed. Iago takes Othello’s flaws to his advantage, playing with Othello’s mind, planting lies and accusations about Desdemona and Cassio. Iago can be seen as the villain as he does not care about the lives of anyone else he has ruined, instead only caring to achieve his own ends, by doing whatever necessary. Aristotles definition of a tragic hero can be compared with the life of Othello, thus making him a truly tragic hero.